Producing hairy raton yarns



July 12, 1938. J. E. MOORE PRODUCINGHAIRY BAYON Y ARNS Filed Nov. 13, 1937 INVENTOR James E Moore A'ITORNEYS 15 substantially uniform rate while rotating the ya Figs. 3 and'4) It comprises a lower horizontally 15 Patented July 12,193 v 2,123,635-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PRODUCING HAIRY RAYON YARNS James E. Moore, Rome, 6a., assignmto Tubize Chatillon Corporation, New York, N. Y., a cornotation of Delaware Application November 13, 1937, Serial No. 174,397

5 Claims. (Cl. 117-21) This invention relates to the production of modified form of the cutting mechanism of my hairy yarns and is concernedparticularly with invention; and 1 imparting uniform pubescence toyarnscomposed Fix- 6 is a p an o t e app t of of continuous yfllaments, for example, 'rayon In the upstroke twister illustrated in Fig. 1,

yarns. a spirally wound cake I of untwisted yarn having 5 It has been proposed heretofore to produce continuous filaments is dispo p a bobbin hairiness on rayon yarns and the like during the l m t on 8 rota a e spindle I- The imtwisting operation. In my (lo-pending applied twisted yarn balloons out from the cake, passes tion Serial No. 93,385, filed July 30th, 1936, over agu de m dis-w u d o a t t tak -up 10 (United States Patent 2,099,215, to be granted cyl e 8 d p sed o wo ota in rolle s 9. I0- 10 November 16th, 193'!), I have described and Located (IO-axially w h shaf nd he bobbin I claimed a method for producing uniform pubesnd b t een t e bob in a d t e u de i a pre cenpe on continuous filament yam which coni- I ently preferred form of the cutting mechanism prises moving the yarn rapidly along an axis at a of my invention (illustrated in greater detail in about the axis to describe a surface of rotation. p d rin .4 hav ng a smooth-walled circular (two fixed orbits of rotation of the yarn on said "aperture in di po d concentrically with the a e surface being maintained so that the surface is i the bobbin and the b in h C nc ntric of substantially constant size and shape between t the W and immediately b ve it is a l th orbits) and cutting partially t r second ring 5 having a rough interior surface 5a. 20

'ces'sive lengths of yarn at substantially equal in- The u p r s p eferably made, of rough tervals as the lengths pass through the surface of material such as carborundum and its inner dirotation between the orbits. The present invenametei p a y ld be ab ut the Same as the v tion relates to improved apparatus'for use in the inner d me f the lower r ns- In the modi-r 2 aforementionedmethod and comprises.- a first ficfltitm Shown n F 2. nd 4, the inner '25 ring having a smooth interior guiding'surface -D 0f the pp h is r u ed in crossand a second ring having a rough interior cutting section that there 18 8 between the smooth surface, the rings being dis osed substantially guiding ur a e'o the owe m; and the rough parallel to and co-axial with each other with'the t ing and guidin surface on the pp i 30 smooth interior guiding surface of the first ring A horizontal holder is fastened t0 lower 30 spaced a relatively small distance from the rough 11113 and 8 l'ecess D On its u p ace, interior cutting surface of the second ring; The preferably circular n plan. i w i h t e uppe smooth interior guiding surface and the rough 11118 1 The recess s P f ably provided by interior cutting surface of the respective rings fastening an annular member 5G to the op 1' establish the fixed orbits which maintain the surthe lower z- T e port 6 may be hinged at as face of rotation of substantially constant size the end remote from the rings and pp d on v and shape as the yarn is drawn through the rings bracket Cb. in aloose condition and while it is being-rotated. The Operation of the mechanism ll t in The rough interior cutting surface within the 1 18 as follows! second ring cuts or abrades the exterior filaments The Y balloons ff he ake, passes up 40 a of the yarn as the yarn is rotated within the rings h 111188 4 n 5 over theguide"! and and thus establishes the required pubescence. i wound n e cylinder The hape or the My invention will be thoroughly understood in balloon as it lslunwound 3 h cake changesthe light of the f ll wi detailed description However, a secondary balloon of substantially taken in conjunction with the accompanying constant size and parallel shape is described by 45 figures in which: o i l ating mipir lg ss zii i n t t lz c li g g l l r 2i i gggg: tfi f gw my invention face in the upper ring, but the angle of contact Fl 2 in t t th u u t i between the cutting surface and the yarn remains es f on O my substantially constant, so that the outer filaments 50 tion to a ring twister, V of the yarn are abraded or cut in a uniform 3 elevatmn, Part1? of manner. Uniform hairiness coupled with uniti s mechanism embodying my i vention; form. tensile strength of the yarn is thus assured. F18. 4 is a plan 01 h apparatus of S- If it is desired to reduce the number of filaments Fig. 5 is an elevation, partly in section, of a cut at each pass, another upper ring of carborun- 55 meter may be substituted so that, in effect, the

the path of the yarn. More filaments may be cut 'by employing a cutting edge of greater length or width so that the yarn remains in contact with the edge for a longer time at each pass. More filaments at each pass will be out if the cutting edge is placed closer to the axis of the rings.

The means for producing hairy effects on continuous filament rayon yarns in Fig. 2 is the same as that in Fig. 1, except that the cutting mechanism of my invention is applied to a ring twister. In this case the yarn cake to is held on an immovable spindle 3|. The untwisted yarn is pulled off the cake at one end and is bent over a guide bar 32 and passes through the two rings I and 4. The cut yarn is'then wound on a vertical spindle it which is rotated at high speed by means of the belt-driven whorl 34. Around the spindle is a circular horizontal track 38, around which is slidable a ring twister guide or traveller 36 through which the yarn passes. The track remains horizontal and concentrically disposed around the spindle, but is moved, slowly up and 'down by a means (not shown) so that the yarn is wound uniformly along the length of the rotating spindle. The ring twister naturally rolls rapidly around the track and imparts a twist to the yarn.

After the yarn passes over the guide bar 32 it begins to balloon. It describes a small parallelshaped surface of substantially constant size and shape. in passing through the rings 5 .and .4, and

then describes a large and constantly varying balloon in passing from the ring 4 to the rotating spindle.

The operation of the cutter of my invention as applied to a ring twister as in Fig. 2, is exactly the'same as when it is disposed on upstroke twister (Fig. l) except that the yarn passes first through the rough ring and thenthrough the smooth one.

Theshape and size of the secondary balloon be-' tween the rings I and 4' are substantially constant. The rough surface of the ring I, therefore, makes cuts of uniform depth at uniform intervals along the length of the yarn provided, of course, that the yarn passes through the rings at a substantially uniform rate.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4, which show an enlargement of the cutting mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that the lower ring 4 isformed integrally with the annular member In which defines the recess in which the upper ring 5 is disposed. It will also be seen that theupper ring rests on the lower ring and has a curved inner surface so that there is a small gap between the; guiding surface of the lower ring and the'guid- .ing' and cutting surface of'the upper ring. .Be-

tween the two centrifugal force causes a small' balloon of substantially constant size and shape to develop. I Y The upper ring I maybe made entirely of carborundum or other abrasive material, or it may have discontinuous inserts of abrasive material held in metal or "plastic".

If desired, and in order to facilitate changing the upper ring, it may be slotted, asshown in Fig. 4. The slot passes through the ring substantially parallel to its major axis and tangential to the inner circumference of the ringh mould be cut so'that there will be no tendency for the rotating yarn to enter it, i. e.. approaching the. holein the ring tangentially from the direction a "amass dum or the like and having agreater inner di-.

of rotation of the yarn. in 1'18. 4.

Figs. 5 and 6 show another modification of the cutting mechanism of my invention having a lower ring 4. with a smooth circular interior surface II and an upper ring ll having a rough interior sur-' face I. The entire upper ring preferably is of Buch a slot, to, isshown carborundum and has a slightly smaller innerdiameter than thelower ring. In section the upper ring is substantially rectangular so that it presents a lower edge to abrade the passing yarn. with this time Of upper ring, however, it is necessary to provide an annular insert or shim I! so that there may be a gap between upper and lower I when fine yarn is being abraded and twisted, andit is desired to avoid the slight shock to the yarn which the presence of the slot makes inevitable.

I claim:

1. In an apparatus for producing hairy yarn in which yarn is drawn in a loose condition along an axis while it is rotated around the axis to'describe a surface of rotation of substantially constant size and shape, at least two fixed orbits being maintained ona surface of rotation to assure the constancy of its size and shape, and a cutting means being disposed adjacent said surface to sever a portion of the filaments of the yarn, the improvement which comprises a first ring having a smooth interior guiding surface, a second ring having a rough interior cutting surface, said rings being ing of the yarn through it.

3. In an apparatus for producing hairy yarn in which the yarn is drawn in a loose condition along an axis while it is rotated around the axis to describe a surface of rotation of substantially constant. size and shape, at least two fixed orbits being maintained on the surface of rotation to.

assure the constancyof its size and shape, and cutting means being disposed adjacent said surface to sever a portion of the filaments of the yarn, the improvement which comprises a first ring having a .smooth interior guiding surface, and a second ring having a rough interior cutting surface, said rings being disposed substantially adjacent to .and'coaxial with each other and at least one of the rings having a rounded interior edge so that the rough interior cutting surface of the second ring is spaced from the smooth interior guiding surface of the first ring by a relatively small distance.

4. In apparatus for producing hairy yarn in which the yarn is drawn in a loose condition along ing maintained on the surface of rotation to assure the constancy of its size and shape, and cut- -eltoandcoaxlalwtthmhotherwim tin: means being dupe-ed ndjocent said surface toaevlgrlportionotthcmbotthemthe mwovemant which when first mum: mom! in 8 61118 au'rhce and a rln'l made oiibruln material and having a :ouxh interior continuum annulucutflnz surface, said rim being dhpoled 1-- interior gufllnaluflue of the mama; .3; rouzhihterior cuttinzmrhceotthemondrlnk. 

